Form 4 by the numbers: what 221,347 insider filings reveal
By InsiderAlpha · Published · Updated
Written from SEC primary filings, with every rule cited inline. Editorial standards.
By InsiderAlpha · Published · Updated
Written from SEC primary filings, with every rule cited inline. Editorial standards.
InsiderAlpha stores the SEC Form 4 filings posted to EDGAR. This study covers the deduplicated corpus as it stood on August 3, 2026: 221,347 primary Form 4 filings by 53,567 insiders across 6,114 companies, from December 2022 to that date. The live corpus is larger and grows every trading day; these figures are frozen so every percentage below stays computed on the same rows. Every number below is computed directly from those filings; the methodology, including every data-quality filter we applied, is at the end.
Download the published aggregate CSV and filing-lag chart. The download records each figure's unit, scope and exclusions. It is a reusable copy of this frozen study, not a current count of filings.
Section 16 gives insiders two business days to report a trade. In practice, the median Form 4 arrives 2 calendar days after the earliest transaction it reports, and 90.5% arrive within 4 calendar days (our data records calendar days, so these figures bracket the business-day rule rather than measuring it exactly).
The tail is long: 3.15% of Form 4s arrive more than 10 days after the trade, about 1 in 30, and 1.55% arrive more than 45 calendar days after the earliest transaction. The 99th percentile filing lag is 96 days. A late filing still goes on the record, but a purchase disclosed three months after the trade describes a much older price than one disclosed after two days. Check both dates when reading insider buying signals.
Follow insider buying without reading every filing
We read every Form 4 as it is filed and rank the insider purchases worth a look into a daily trading plan, so you do not have to open each filing yourself.
Free by email: highlights from the previous session's daily trading plan each market morning, plus a Friday roundup of the week's insider buying.
Basic reads each plan from the previous close, before the open. Compare plans or see the daily plan.
Across 2026 filings through August 3, 2026, insiders reported roughly $21.5 billion of open-market purchases against $93.0 billion of sales - $4.32 sold for every $1 bought, and 4.6 sale transactions for every purchase (50,755 vs 11,022). Much of that gap comes from how insiders are paid: they receive stock and sell some of it, for taxes and to diversify. That is one reason a sale is weak evidence on its own, while a purchase is a decision to put more of the insider's own money into the company.
By dollar value of 2026 purchases, 10% owners account for about 41% and directors about 40%, while officers (CEOs, CFOs and the rest of the C-suite) account for only about 13% (roles can overlap, so these do not sum to exactly 100%). CEO purchases get the headlines, but by dollar value most 2026 buying came from large owners and board members.
Only 4.02% of 2026 purchase transactions were marked as executed under a pre-scheduled Rule 10b5-1 trading plan. The flag records a specific disclosure; its absence does not establish why the insider bought or when they made the decision. Check the original filing and footnotes before describing a purchase as discretionary.
Of the 1,890 companies with any insider purchase in 2026, 31% had at least two different insiders buy within a day of each other at least once. The count uses distinct reporting people, and two reporting people are not always two independent buyers: the cluster buying guide explains how to tell them apart before treating a pair as a cluster.
Most Form 4s arrive during business hours, with a rush after the close: Tuesday is the busiest filing day (23.0% of 2026 filings), Monday the lightest weekday (15.9%), and weekends are nearly silent (1.7% on Saturday, zero on Sunday). Within the day, filings spike in the two hours right after the US market close - timestamps in our feed are consistent with a 4pm-6pm Eastern peak. If you check filings once a day, check after the close. In this snapshot, the median filing reached our database 14 minutes after the SEC feed timestamp.
Journalists and researchers: you are welcome to cite these figures with attribution to InsiderAlpha (insideralpha.ai) and a link to this page. For custom cuts of the data, contact us.
Browse the Form 4 feed → · Recent insider purchases →
This article is informational and is not investment advice.
The CSV contains aggregate statistics from the August 3, 2026 snapshot, with each metric's unit, scope, precision, exclusions and source link. It contains no individual trades or personal records. These are the published figures, not a new analysis or a live data export.
Download the aggregate CSV · Download the filing-lag chart (PNG) · Editable chart (SVG)

For a current example, open the recent purchases feed and use the Form 4 walkthrough to compare the trade date with the filing date on the original disclosure.